What is Child Trafficking

Author(s): IRC Anti-Trafficking Response
Date: 2025
Topic(s): Child Trafficking, Introduction to Human Trafficking

References

GRETA (2024). The 14th Report. GRETA. Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. Council of Europe.

U.S. Department of State (2025). Understanding Human Trafficking.

UNODC (2024). Global Report on Trafficking in Persons 2024.

ECPAT (2025). More than Words: how definitions impact on the UK’s response to child trafficking and exploitation.

Arocha, Lorena. ‘Intersections in “Trafficking” and “Child Sexual Exploitation” Policy’. In Critical Perspectives on Child Sexual Exploitation and Related Trafficking, edited by Margaret Melrose and Jenny Pearce, 139–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013.

Bhukuth, Augendra. ‘Defining Child Labour: A Controversial Debate’. Development in Practice 18, no. 3 (2008): 385–94.

Brodie, Isabelle. ‘Child Exploitation: Definition and Language’, 2022.

Dottridge, Mike. ‘Between Theory and Reality: The Challenge of Distinguishing between Trafficked Children and Independent Child Migrants.’ Anti-Trafficking Review, Special Issue – Trafficking in Minors, no. 16 (2021): 11–27.

Greenbaum, Jordan. ‘Child Sex Trafficking and Commercial Sexual Exploitation’. Advances in Pediatrics 65, no. 1 (2018): 55–70.

Hynes, Patricia, Anna Skeels, and Laura Durán. Human Trafficking of Children and Young People: A Framework for Creating Stable and Positive Futures. Policy Press, 2025.